Human trafficking can be defined as an illegal trade of human beings. This is done for commercial sexual exploitation or forced labor or surrogacy or for the removal of organs or tissues or ova.
The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children was adopted by the United Nations in Palermo, Italy in 2000, and is an international legal agreement attached to the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. It is also referred as Trafficking Protocol. The Trafficking Protocol was put into action from 25 December 2003. By June 2010, it had been ratified by 117 countries and 137 parties but India didn’t ratify it.
In India women are trafficked to different part of the country and to abroad also. They are bought and sold with impunity. This trafficking of women and children violates the human rights, women's rights and individual’s rights to life, dignity, security, privacy, health, education and redressal of grievances.
The trafficked individuals are traumatized by what they have experienced. Malevolence and helplessness becomes main characteristic of the mental and emotional state of the survivors. In our Indian society girls are made to bear the obligation of upholding the family honour through their sexual chastity and this prevalent morality puts an additional stress to the girl. All this leads to post-traumatic stress disorder, depressive disorder, dissociative disorders and psychotic disorders.
It was published in Statesman that around 2 million children are abused and forced into prostitution every year in India. An NGO called End Children’s Prostitution in Asian Tourism reported a data that among 2 million prostitutes in India, 20 per cent among them are minors.Sometimes women voluntarily get them involved in this. The main factor responsible, for this kind of act, is the desperate socio-economic condition of the women. To get a financial security women tend to fall in the trap of the traffickers.
To curb these crimes against women, government of India has taken the steps through a detail prosecution, protection and prevention. Through the Immoral Trafficking Prevention Act (ITPA) penalties are ranging from seven years’ to life imprisonment. The affected individuals are sent to rehabilitation by the government.
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